Understanding Madurese Art And Culture – Cultural topics are often discussed in Indonesia. Indonesia has many different cultures, from Sabang to Merauke. One of the many cultures in Indonesia is Madurese culture. In this article we will discuss Madurese culture which has a variety of arts. Madurese culture, every art has very valuable elements.
Understanding Madurese Art And Culture
surlerythme – Before we discuss everything: Where is Madura Island? Madura is a small island in East Java that has been rich in art and culture since ancient times.
So what is the history of Madurese culture? Its origins are said to lie in the journey of Arya Wirarajah, the first Duke of Madura in the 13th century. In the book Negara Kertagama, especially Tambang 15, it is stated that Madura Island was initially united with Java, meaning that in 1365 Madura and Java were part of the same culture.
Around 900 to 1500 AD, this island was under the influence of East Javanese Hindu kingdoms such as Kediri, Singasari and Majapahit. Between 1500 and 1624, the Madurese rulers were to some extent dependent on the Islamic kingdoms on the north coast of Java, such as Demak, Gresik, and Surabaya.
In 1624 Madura was conquered by Mataram. Then, in the first half of the 18th century, Madura came under Dutch colonial rule (since 1882), first by the VOC and then by the Dutch East Indies Government. During the expansion of the country in the 1920s, Madura became part of the province of East Java.
According to history, Arya Wirarajah was the first Duke of Madura who was appointed by King Kartanegara of Singosari on 31 October 1269. The center of his government was Batupti Sumenep, his first palace in Madura. It is said that Arya Weerarajah’s inauguration as duke at that time took place in a grand ceremony brought to Madura from the Singosari kingdom. Currently, Batupti, a sub-district located about 18 km from Sumenep City, is home to the remains of the Batupti Palace, including folk dances, Gambu dances and Satria dances.
What is the culture of the Madurese people:
Traditional Houses The traditional houses of the Madurese people are usually in the form of a long courtyard called Tanian Ranjan, which symbolizes the kinship of the Madurese people. This Madurese traditional house has a door at the front of the house, allowing the home owner to control family activities indoors and outdoors. The door has original Madurese carvings. Green and red symbolize loyalty and struggle.
Madurese language
Madurese has a unique language. This language is so unique that those who want to learn it outside Madura will face difficulties, especially in pronunciation. Madurese is the same as Javanese and Balinese. Then it recognizes layers, but it’s a little different because it’s only divided into layers. In other words:
- Jaââja (same as Ngoko)
- Engghi â Enthen (same as Madhya)
- Engghi â Bunthen (same as Kurama)
- Traditional Madurese weapons
- The Madurese weapon is called Kurlit, its shape is curved like a sickle, and the sickle blade is very pointed and sharp.
- The handle can be made of wood or metal.
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Madurese Traditional Clothing
Madurese traditional clothing for men is usually red and white with the same horizontal striped motif, including the headband. You will look more stylish if you carry a traditional sickle-shaped weapon. Meanwhile, the women only wear typical Madurese tie-dye trousers and a simpler kebaya.
parlor music
Salonen’s music originates from the Smenep community. If there is art in Madura accompanied by Salonen music. Salonen’s music is a combination of several musical instruments, but the most dominant is the cone-shaped wind instrument. This is a wind instrument called Salonen.
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rEnda cow
Kalappan Beef is a very famous Madurese culture. This art was introduced to the Sumenep Keratin region in the 15th century (1561 AD) during the reign of Prince Katandur. This cow race is a competition that aims to get the cows to their destination as quickly as possible. The aim is to motivate breeders to continue to work enthusiastically and increase livestock production.
Sandur Pantel Ceremony
The Sandur Pantel ceremony is a ritual of the Madurese people who work as farmers and fishermen. This ritual is a ritual that connects humans with supernatural beings, or a ritual that functions as a means of communication between humans and God, the creator of the universe. This ritual is carried out by dancing and singing accompanied by music. Madura also has several typical dances such as:
Shorawat Badal or Rampak Jidor dance
This Madurese dance truly represents the religious character of the Madurese people. The movements and rhythms of the songs that accompany this dance all express an attitude and expression of praise: praise, prayer, and remembrance of Allah SWT.
shake mask dance
The Getak Mask Dance is an embodiment of the philosophical values of the struggle of the Pamekasan people in the struggle for national independence. The Getak Mask Dance movements also have the meaning of stalling for time, and are performed by one to three dancers. The name of this dance comes from the initial chronoandan. The word Kronoan comes from the word karana or belkelana which means “walking Borodewo”, and finally the Kronoan dance changed its name to the Getak Mask Dance.
Ronding Dance
The Londing dance comes from the words “rota” which means backwards and “kot kondin” which means hands on hips. In other words, the Londin dance actually represents a group dancing with the movements of five people. This Ronding dance is also motivated by the struggle of the Pamekasan people.